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221 lines
7.3 KiB
221 lines
7.3 KiB
6 years ago
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---
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埋点之应用前后台判断
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---
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#### 目录
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1. 思维导图
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2. 六种实现方式
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- RunningTask
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- RunningProcess
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- ActivityLifecucleCallbacks
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- UsageStatsManager
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- 无障碍服务
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- 读取 /proc 目录下的信息
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#### 思维导图
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#### ---- RnnningTask 方式
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```java
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public static boolean getRunningTask(Context context, String packageName) {
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ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
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ComponentName cn = am.getRecentTasks(1, ActivityManager.RECENT_WITH_EXCLUDED).get(0).topActivity;
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return !TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName) && packageName.equals(cn.getPackageName());
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}
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```
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主要功能在于 ActivityManager#getRecentTasks 方法。
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原理:
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是当一个 APP 处于前台的时候,会处于 RunningTask 的栈顶,所以我们可以取出栈顶的任务进程,和我们传入的包名对比来确定 APP 是否位于前台。
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缺点:
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该方法在 API 21 已经被废弃,只会返回自己和系统的一些不敏感的 Task,不再返回其他应用的从该方法的注释信息可以了解到,它返回用户最近启动的任务列表,此方法仅用于调试和显示任务管理用户界面,**绝对不能**用在应用程序中,因为未来可能会崩溃。
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#### ---- RunningProcess 方式
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```java
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public static boolean getRunningAppProcess(Context context, String packageName) {
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ActivityManager activityManager = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
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List<ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo> appProcessInfos = activityManager.getRunningAppProcesses();
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if (appProcessInfos == null) {
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return false;
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}
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for (ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo info : appProcessInfos) {
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if (info.importance == ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo.IMPORTANCE_FOREGROUND
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&& info.processName.equals(packageName)) {
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return true;
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}
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}
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return false;
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}
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```
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原理:
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通过 runningProcess 获取到一个当前正在运行的进程的 List,遍历这个 List 的每一个进程,判断这个进程的 importance 属性是否是前台进程,并且包名一致,从而判断是否是前台应用。
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缺点:
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在社交类型的 APP 中,常常需要常驻后台来不间断的获取服务器消息,这就需要我们把 Service 设置为 START_STICKY,保证 Service 常驻后台。如果设置了这个属性,这个 APP 的进程就会判断为前台,appProcess.importance 的值永远是 ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo.IMPORTANCE_FOREGROUND,这样就永远无法判断到底哪个是前台应用了。
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#### ---- ActivityLifecycleCallbacks 方式
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```java
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public class MyApplication extends Application {
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private int appCount = 0;
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@Override
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public void onCreate() {
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super.onCreate();
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registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(new ActivityLifecycleCallbacks() {
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@Override
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public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
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}
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@Override
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public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {
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appCount++;
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}
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@Override
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public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {
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}
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@Override
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public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
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}
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@Override
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public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
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appCount--;
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}
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@Override
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public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState) {
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}
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@Override
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public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {
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}
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});
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}
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public int getAppCount() {
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return appCount;
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}
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public void setAppCount(int appCount) {
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this.appCount = appCount;
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}
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}
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```
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即使当 Application 因为内存不足被 kill 掉时,这个方法仍然可以使用,虽然全局变量的值会丢失,但是再次进入 App 时会重新统计。
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需要注意这些方法的执行是在 Activity 的生命周期方法之前执行。
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#### ---- UsageStatsManager 方式
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原理:
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通过使用 UsageStatsManager 获取,此方法是 Android 5.0 之后提供的 API,可以获取一个时间段内的应用统计信息,但是必须需用户授权:
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```java
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS" />
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```
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手机设置 -> 查看应用使用情况
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#### ---- 无障碍服务
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```java
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public class DetectService extends AccessibilityService {
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private static String mForegroundPackageName;
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private static volatile DetectService mInstance = null;
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public static DetectService getInstance() {
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if (mInstance == null) {
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synchronized (DetectService.class) {
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if (mInstance == null) {
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mInstance = new DetectService();
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}
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}
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}
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return mInstance;
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}
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public static String getmForegroundPackageName() {
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return mForegroundPackageName;
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}
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/**
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* 判断当前应用的辅助功能是否开启
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*/
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public static boolean isAccessibilitySettingOn(Context context) {
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int accessibilityEnable = 0;
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try {
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accessibilityEnable = Settings.Secure.getInt(context.getContentResolver(),
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Settings.Secure.ACCESSIBILITY_ENABLED);
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} catch (Settings.SettingNotFoundException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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if (accessibilityEnable == 1) {
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String services = Settings.Secure.getString(context.getContentResolver(),
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Settings.Secure.ENABLED_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICES);
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if (services != null) {
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return services.toLowerCase().contains(context.getPackageName());
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}
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}
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return false;
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}
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/**
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* 监听窗口焦点,并且获取焦点窗口的包名
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*
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* @param event
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*/
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@Override
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public void onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event) {
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if (event.getEventType() == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED) {
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mForegroundPackageName = event.getPackageName().toString();
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}
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}
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@Override
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public void onInterrupt() {
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}
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```
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使用:
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```java
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public static boolean getFromAccessibilityService(Context context,String packageName){
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if (DetectService.isAccessibilitySettingOn(context)){
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DetectService detectService=DetectService.getInstance();
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String foreground=detectService.getmForegroundPackageName();
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return foreground.equals(packageName);
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}else {
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Intent intent=new Intent(Settings.ACTION_ACCESSIBILITY_SETTINGS);
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intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
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context.startActivity(intent);
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return false;
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}
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}
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```
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原理:
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Android 辅助功能( AccessibilityService )为我们提供了一系例的事件回调,帮助我们指示一些用户界面的状态变化。我们可以派生辅助功能类,进而对不同的 AccessibilityEvent 进行处理,同样的,这个服务就可以判断当前的前台应用。可以用来判断任意应用甚至 Activity、PopopWindow、Dialog 对象是否处于前台。
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#### —— 读取 /proc 文件
|
||
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已失效。
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