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212 lines
5.6 KiB
212 lines
5.6 KiB
5 years ago
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---
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ServiceManager 的启动和工作原理
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---
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1. ServiceManager 启动流程是怎样的?
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2. 怎么获取 ServiceManager 的 binder 对象?
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3. 怎么向 ServiceManager 添加服务?
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4. 怎么从 ServiceManager 获取服务?
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#### ServiceManager 的启动
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1. 启动进程
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2. 启用 binder 机制
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3. 发布自己的服务
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4. 等待并响应请求
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##### 启动进程
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```ini
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service servicemanager /system/bin/servicemanager
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clas core
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user system
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group system
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critical
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//...
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```
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```c
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int main(int argc, char **argv) {
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struct binder_status *bs;
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// 1.打开 binder 驱动
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bs = binder_open(128*1024);
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// 2.把自己注册为上下文管理者
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binder_become_context_manager(bs);
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// 3.进入 loop 循环,不断等待请求、处理请求
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binder_loop(bs, svcmgr_handler);
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return 0;
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}
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```
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```c
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struct binder_status *binder_open(size_t, mapsize) {
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struct binder_state *bs;
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bs = malloc(sizeof(*bs));
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// 1.打开 binder 驱动,返回一个 fd
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bs->fd = open("/dev/binder", O_RDWR);
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bs->mapsize = mapsize;
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// 2.给 fd 映射一块内存,128 kb
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bs->mapped = mmap(NULL, mapsize, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, bs->fd, 0);
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return bs;
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}
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```
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```c
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// 注册成上下文,其实就是告诉 binder 驱动,ServiceManager 已经就绪了
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int binder_become_context_manager(struct binder_state *bs) {
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return ioctl(bs->fd, BINDER_SET_CONTEXT_MSR, 0);
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}
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```
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binder_loop 分为两个阶段,第一阶段主要是注册为 binder 线程:
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```c
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void binder_loop(struct binder_state *bs, binder_handler func) {
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uint32_t readbuf[32];
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// 把当前线程注册为 binder 线程,也就是告诉 binder 驱动,当前线程可以处理 binder 请求的
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readbuf[0] = BC_ENTER_LOOPER;
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binder_write(bs, readbuf, sizeof(uint32_t));
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//...
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}
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```
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```c
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int binder_write(struct binder_state *bs, void *data, size_t len) {
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// BINDER_WRITE_READ 表示可读可写
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// write_size > 0 执行写
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// read_size > 0 执行读
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// write_size > 0 && read_size > 0,先写再读
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struct binder_write_read bwr;
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bwr.write_size = len;
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bwr.write_consumed = 0;
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bwr.write_buffer = (uintptr_t) data;
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bwr.read_size = 0;
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res = ioctl(bs->fd, BINDER_WRITE_READ, &bwr);
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return res;
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}
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```
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第二阶段,就是读请求处理请求了:
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```c
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void binder_loop(struct binder_state *bs, binder_handler func) {
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struct binder_write_read bwr;
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//...
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bwr.write_size = 0;
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for(;;) {
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bwr.read_size = sizeof(readbuf);
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bwr.read_buffer = (unitptr_t) readbuf;
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ioctl(bs->fd, BINDER_WRITE_READ, &bwr);
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// 解析请求,并在回掉函数 func 处理请求
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binder_parse(bs, 0, (uintptr_t)readbuf, bwr.read_consumed, func);
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}
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}
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```
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#### 如何获取 ServiceManager?
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以 SurfaceFlinger 为例:
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```c
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sp<IServiceManager> defaultServiceManager() {
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if(gDefaultServiceManager != null) {
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return gDefaultServiceManager;
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}
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while(gDefaultServiceManager == null) {
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gDefaultServiceManager = getContextObject();
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if(gDefaultServiceManager==null) sleep(1);
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}
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}
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```
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```c
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sp<IBinder> ProcessState::getContextObject(...) {
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// 返回 ServiceManager 的 Proxy 对象,注意 handler 值为 0
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return getStrongProxyForHandle(0);
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}
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```
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```c
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sp<IBinder> ProcessState::getStrongProxyForHandle(int32_t handle) {
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// 以 binder handle 值作为索引,获取数组里面对应的 handle_entry
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handle_entry* e = loopupHandleLocked(handle);
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IBinder* b = e->binder;
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if(b == NULL) {
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// ServiceManager 的 Proxy 对象就是 BpBinder(0);
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b = new BpBinder(handle);
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e->binder = b;
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}
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return b;
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}
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```
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#### 怎么向 ServiceManager 添加服务?
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```c
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// 添加服务,Service 名称和 Service Binder 对象
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status_t addService(const String16& name, const sp<IBinder>& service, ...) {
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//...
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// 通过 remote 函数获取 BpBinder 对象,然后调用 BpBinder 的 transact 函数
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remote() -> transact(ADD_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, data, &reply);
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}
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```
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```c
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status_t BpBinder::transact(unit32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, ...) {
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// IPCThreadState 线程单例,直接跟 binder 驱动交互
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IPCThreadState::self()->transact(mHandle, code, data, ...);
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}
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```
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在 ServiceManager 收到请求之后,如何处理?
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```c
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int svcmgr_handler(..., struct binder_transaction_data *txn, ...) {
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switch(txn->code) {
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//...
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case SVC_MSR_ADD_SERVICE:
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// 注册到 ServiceManage 的虽然传递的是 binder 实体对象
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// 但是真正 ServiceManager 收到的只是一个 handle 值
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// ServiceManager 会根据 handle 值还有 binder 相关信息封装成一个数据结构插入到单链表里
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do_add_service(bs, s, len, handle, ...);
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break;
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}
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}
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```
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#### 怎么从 ServiceManager 获取服务?
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关于怎么获取服务呢,和注册服务差不多,都需要向 ServiceManager 发起一个 binder 调用。
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```java
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public static IBinder getService(String name) {
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IBinder service = sCache.get(name);
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if(service != null) {
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return service;
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}else {
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// 获取 ServiceManager 的 binder 对象,然后调用它的 getService 函数
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return getIServiceManager().getService(name);
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}
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return null;
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}
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```
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ServiceManager 在收到请求之后,是如何处理的呢?
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```c
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int svcmgr_handler(..., struct binder_transaction_data *txn, ...) {
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uint32_t handle;
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switch(txn->code) {
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case SVC_MGR_GET_SERVICE:
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// 拿到服务的名称
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s = bio_get_string16(msg, &len);
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// 找到对应服务的 handle 值
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handle = do_find_service(bs, s, len, ...);
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// 返回 handle 值,Client 端再根据 handle 值封装一个 BpBinder 就行了
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bio_put_ref(reply, handle);
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return 0;
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}
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}
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```
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